Our siRNA knockdown guarantee

siGENOME and ON-TARGETplus siRNA reagents (SMARTpool and three of four individual siRNAs) are guaranteed to silence target gene expression by at least 75% at the mRNA level when demonstrated to have been used under optimal delivery conditions (confirmed using validated positive control and measured at the mRNA level 24 to 48 hours after transfection using 100 nM siRNA).

Note: Most siGENOME and ON-TARGETplus siRNA products are highly functional at 5 to 25 nM working concentration.

Drug Targets make up part of the Druggable Genome Collection

Figure 1. The Drug Targets siRNA library consists of high-confidence gene targets based on publications that characterize potential druggable targets and was assembled with use of innovative bioinfomatics tools to analyze genetic and ontological information from multiple databases. This siRNA collection excludes gene targets available in other siRNA libraries: kinases, G protein-coupled receptors, proteases, phosphatases, ion channels, and genes involved with ubiquitin conjugation.

The pie chart represents the contribution of each gene family collection to the entire Druggable genome. The Drug Targets library (also sold separately) consists of genes involved with apoptosis, senesence, nucleic acid binding, autophagy, DNA repair, and characterized nuclear receptors.

False phenotypes due to off-targets are alleviated by ON-TARGETplus SMARTpool reagents while target gene knockdown is maintained

Figure 2. The effect of silencing ARPC1B on cell migration was studied in a breast cancer cell line. A monolayer of cells was uniformly scraped, and the rate of cell migration to close the scrape (wound healing) was evaluated.

Both unmodified and ON-TARGETplus siRNA reagents induced potent target knockdown. Inconsistent phenotypes due to off-target effects (red outline) were observed for cells transfected with unmodified individual siRNAs. The unmodified SMARTpool improved the false phenotype considerably while the ON-TARGETplus SMARTpool significantly reduced off-target effects to produce a consistent phenotype. In collaboration with Kaylene Simpson, Laura Selfors, and Joan Brugge, Harvard Medical School.

ON-TARGETplus modifications reduce the overall number of off-targets and pooling reduces them even further

Figure 3. Panels (A) and (B) are representative examples of off-target signatures with and without application of ON-TARGETplus modifications to (A) a single siRNA and (B) a SMARTpool reagent. Green bars indicate genes with 2-fold or more reduction of expression when treated with the indicated siRNA reagent. The ON-TARGETplus modifications reduced the off-targets when compared to unmodified siRNA. Pooling of siRNA and the ON-TARGETplus modification pattern independently, and in combination, provide significant reduction in off-target gene silencing.

Panel (C) represents quantitation of off-targets (down-regulated by 2-fold or more) induced by the indicated siRNA reagents targeting 10 different genes (4 siRNAs per gene or a single SMARTpool reagent). Off-targets were quantified using microarray analysis (Agilent), then compiled. Each shaded box represents the middle 50% of the data set. Horizontal line in box: Median value of the data set. Vertical bars: minimum and maximum data values.

Product References

1. A. L. Hopkins, How many drug targets are there? Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. 5(12), 993-996 (December 2006).
2. K. R. Sakharkar, Targetability of human disease genes. Current Drug Discovery Technologies. 4(1), 48-58 (June 2007).

General Screening References

1. B. D. Parsons, A. Schindler, D. H. Evans, E. Foley, A direct phenotypic comparison of siRNA pools and multiple individual duplexes in a functional assay. PLoS One. 4(12), e8471 (2009).
2. M. Jiang, R. Instrell, B. Saunders, H. Berven, M. Howell, Tales from an academic RNAi screening facility; FAQs. Brief Funct. Genomics. 10(4), 227-237 (2011). [doi: 10.1093/bfgp/elr016]
3. J. Borawski, A. Lindeman, F. Buxton, M. Labow, L.A. Gaither, Optimization procedure for small interfering RNA transfection in a 384-well format. J. Biomol. Screen. 12(4), 546-559 (2007).
4. T. Ratovitski, E. Chighladze, E. Waldron, R. R. Hirschhorn, C. A. Ross, Cysteine proteases bleomycin hydrolase and cathepsin Z mediate N-terminal proteolysis and toxicity of mutant huntingtin. J. Biol. Chem. 286(14), 12578-12589 (2011). [Human Proteases]