Phosphatases in disease

Many phosphatases are key in the development of pathological pathways where inhibition can reverse or delay the onset of human diseases.

Abnormal serine/threonine phosphatase activity has been linked with several diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, the pharmacological manipulation of phosphatase activity is an attractive strategy for the treatment of such conditions.

Serine/Theonine phosphatases are metal-requiring enzymes that regulate many pathways involved in cell proliferation, programmed cell death (apoptosis), embryonic development, and cell differentiation. They are grouped into two gene families - the PPP and the PPM gene families, based on sequence analysis. 

Human Serine-threonine Phosphatase Graph

PPP Gene family

The PP1 subfamily is comprised of a catalytic subunit that interacts with several proteins including targeting subunits and inhibitor proteins.

The PP2A subfamily are heterotrimers comprised of a catalytic subunit and two regulatory subunits.

PPM Gene Family

This group corresponds to the PP2C enzymes, which are activated by high concentrations of magnesium. This subfamily is less well-studied than the PPP group, and little is known about their regulation.

 
 
Explore our popular knockout cell lines for studying Serine-threonine Phosphatase
AKAP1 CTDSP2 PPM1G PPP1R26 PPP2R5E
AKAP11 CTDSPL PPM1H PPP1R32 PPP3CA
AKAP9 DDX31 PPM1J PPP1R37 PPP3CB
ANKRD28 DLG2 PPM1K PPP1R3B PPP3CC
ANKRD44 DZIP3 PPM1L PPP1R3D PPP4R1
ANKRD52 ELFN1 PPM1M PPP1R3F PPP4R2
ARFGEF3 ELFN2 PPM1N PPP1R9A PPP4R4
BCL2L2 FARP1 PPP1CA PPP2CB PPP5C
CD2BP2 FKBP15 PPP1R13B PPP2R1B PPP6R1
CDC25C ILKAP PPP1R14A PPP2R2B PPP6R2
CHCHD3 PDP1 PPP1R14B PPP2R2C SH3GLB1
CHCHD6 PHLPP1 PPP1R14C PPP2R2D TP53BP2
CLCN7 PHLPP2 PPP1R15A PPP2R3A UBLCP1
CNST PPEF1 PPP1R16A PPP2R5A ZFYVE16
CSMD1 PPM1A PPP1R16B PPP2R5B
CSRNP2 PPM1B PPP1R18 PPP2R5C  
CTDNEP1 PPM1E PPP1R1A PPP2R5D  
CTDSP1 PPM1F PPP1R21