On the Horizon

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Cell models

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Essential genes are defined as genes that are critical for the survival of an organism. These are considered to be genes that are absolutely required for the cell to grown, proliferate and survive. Deletion of an essential gene from a cell eventually leads to the death of this cell or a severe proliferation defect. As a consequence, it is impossible to generate cells with a knock-out or deletion of essential genes.






Much information about the role of specific genes in fundamental biological processes and the onset and progression of genetic disease has been gleaned by researchers having the ability to selectively alter the genomic composition of individual genes and study the consequences. This approach enables researchers to observe the effects of a specific mutation, SNP or deletion in combination with the added layers of regulation present within the cell, including post-translational modification, epigenetic changes associated with chromatin structure, and transcriptional mechanisms.






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