Epigenetic Marks (Markers)

The most important epigenetic marks include DNA methylation, histone methylation and histone acetylation.

All of these are reversible, i.e. the cell harbors a repertoire of enzymes that add or remove such marks to a specific genomic locus.

Enzymes that add marks are referred to as epigenetic writers (e.g. DNA methyl transferases or histone acetyl transferases) and those that remove marks are known as epigenetic erasers (e.g. histone demethylases or histone deacetylases).

Epigenetic Modification

Epigenetic marks are read-out by a specific subset of proteins referred to epigenetic readers (e.g. bromodomain-containing genes). Some examples of epigenetic mechanisms include; maternal effects, X-chromosome inactivation and imprinting amongst many others.

Epigenetic Diagram 2

Examples of popular knockout cell lines for Epigenetics
ARHGEF1 BRWD3 KAT2A PHIP SUV39h2
ARID1B CBX1 KAT2B PRMT3 TET1
ASh2L CECR2 KDM1A RING1 TET2
ATAD2 DNMT1 KDM2B SCFD2 TRDMT1
BAP1 EHMT1 KDM4D SIRT5 TRIM66
BAZ1B EHMT2 KDM5C SIRT6 WHSC1
BMI1 EZh2 KLF4 SIRT7 ZMYM3
BRD1 h6F3A MBD1 SMARCA2 ZMYND8
BRD4 HDAC1 MBD3 SMARCC1
BRD8 HDAC2 MECP2 SMARCD3
BRDT HELLS NSD1 SP1
BRPF3 JARID2 PBRM1 SP3